Wednesday, October 30, 2013

Ghana is a beacon of democracy...where tariffs...

Ghana is a beacon of democracy...where tariffs shoot up to 76% in one foul swoop because our government does not have the testicular fortitude to implement tariffs incrementally because of elections; where our MPs are thinking of THEIR own security instead of ensuring the wider public are "secured" from excessive tariffs; excessive liberalisation; excessive corruption. And where our administrative justice-watchdog DOES NOT want prosecutorial powers!!! So, if democracy is so good for us, why is the...

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Wednesday, October 23, 2013

COMMENT:"FIVE YEARS OF COMBATING HARD CRIMES IN #ECOWAS STATES, WHAT’S THE SCORECARD?"



#BLOG: FIVE YEARS OF COMBATING HARD CRIMES IN #ECOWAS STATES, WHAT'S THE SCORECARD? (1)

"The Accidental Ecowas & Au Citizen": Five Years Of Combating Hard Crimes In ECOWAS States, What's The Scorecard? (1)

Writing in a week that will play host to no less than two important ECOWAS and AU meetings in Dakar and Addis respectively; and a meeting of researchers on ECOWAS integration in Cape Verde this whole week, presents a small problem for writers and observers of African integration. One could do the predictable thing by writing about the issues and themes emanating from the two meetings, or put a twist on them all. Today, I prefer to do the latter. Suffice-to-say, I would be found wanting for not offering an insight into the two major meetings mentioned above.

Over the past week, members of the Accra-based Economic Justice Network made a series of media interventions on the Economic Partnership Agreements. The idea was basically to ensure that the idea of sustaining the "no" on Ghana signing the EPAs was maintained. While it has been no blitzkrieg of information, the idea is that by making these interventions, much of the Ghanaian public will be adequately sensitized to the idea of the EPAs, and the dangers that lurk therein should Ghana sign. These activities all took place precisely because of the ECOWAS meeting that will be held in Dakar on 25 October.

Tipped as the meeting to discuss the "financial health" of the ECOWAS regional economy, it has a three-point agenda, which includes discussing the Economic Partnership Agreements; the operationalization of the Common External Tariff (CET), which has now been scheduled for 2015; and the future of the Community Integration Levy, which is the major source of financing for West Africa's institutions in ECOWAS. As I prepared to write this, I could not help but wonder whether the Community Integration Levy (which will go from 0.5% of exports to 1.0%) could be construed as the Ecowas Community Citizen's "tax" for the regional economy. (That discussion is for another day, clearly!) While global media outlets have claimed that this Dakar meeting will, rightly, discuss the future of Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; and Mali, I daresay the "financial health" will be of greater import to many citizens for now.

With respect to the Addis meeting, scheduled for 21-25 October, African policy-makers will be converging at the home of the AU for the 8th Conference of African Ministers of Trade(CaMoT). Beyond bring African Ministers on the thematic issue of trade together, the idea of the meeting is to consider and endorse the strategic framework for the implementation of the Action Plan for Boosting Intra-African Trade (BIAT); as well as the negotiating principles for the establishment of the Continental Free Trade Area(CFTA), which has been scheduled for 2017. Finally, the 8th Session of CaMoT is to iron out a common position on issues relating to the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference (Mc9) that will be held in Bali, Indonesia in November 2013.

So far so exciting.

Remembering 5 years of West African law enforcement
It would have been excellent to have been able to use this platform to announce that ECOWAS had, all along, a West African law enforcement mechanism in ECOWASPOL—pretty much like EUROPOL—that helps combat crime in the sub-region. Sadly, I cannot boast of any such feat: what I can do is to explain that the West African law enforcement mechanisms are manifold. There is no one coherent mechanism. It is for that reason I have embarked, off-late, on a tabulation and matrix of all systems relating to a kind of West African law enforcement.

Bottom line is that while Guinea-Conakry has an ORIC (Office de Renseignments d'Investigations Criminels), it seems to be the only country to have set up one in the sub-region. ECOWAS in 2002 proposed the Criminal Investigative Intelligence Bureau(CIIB), but never got round to ratifying it. Instead, a whole slew of donors, including the UN Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC); the UN Office for West Africa(UNOWA); INTERPOL; and the European Union have waded into the helping cohere a semblance of West African law enforcement. ECOWAS' only redemption is in GIABA—the Dakar-based Intergovernmental Action Group Against Money-Laundering—that was established in 2000, and has earned itself an enviable reputation of effective and efficient reporting on Anti-Money Laundering measures within ECOWAS Member states, capacity-building for Financial Intelligence Units(FIUs) within the sub-region, and much more.

Few people may be aware that it was the vision of a Nigerian criminologist and a Senegalese lawyer that have taken GIABA to such commendable heights. Few people may even know that no less than Ghana will soon assume the Deputy-directorship of GIABA, which means Ghanaians must begin to get serious on monitoring what Ghana's high-level "ECOWAS man in Dakar" is able to do for the country, and the sub-region.

Without a shadow of a doubt, GIABA is an ECOWAS agency to emulate, and my current reading of the 10 years of operating in the sub-region is not to be sneezed at. One can only hope that they will begin to play more of a substantive role in the very necessary narrative of West Africa's law enforcement strategies in the near future. Over the next two weeks, this column will seek to shed light on 5 years of the ECOWAS Regional Action Plan against Drugs and Crime, which we have come to also know as the "Praia Plan."

In 2009, in his capacity as a "Do More Talk Less Ambassador" of the 42nd Generation—an NGO that promotes and discusses Pan-Africanism–Emmanuel gave a series of lectures on the role of ECOWAS and the AU in facilitating a Pan-African identity. Emmanuel owns "Critiquing Regionalism" (http://critiquing-regionalism.org).

Established in 2004 as an initiative to respond to the dearth of knowledge on global regional integration initiatives worldwide, this non-profit blog features regional integration initiatives on MERCOSUR/EU/Africa/Asia and many others. You can reach him on ekbensah@ekbensah.net / Mobile: +233-268.687.653.


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Fwd: Senegal civil society totally rejects the EPAs...



One of the biggest civil society organisations in Senegal--the M23 (http://www.m23juin.org)--has stated categorically that they reject the EPAs. According to their communique, released to the press there, they state:

les Ape, en  l'état, sont  porteurs de périls économiques majeurs pour l'Afrique et  que sa mise en œuvre ne profite  qu'à l'Union  européenne"

Roughly translated, they are saying that the EPAs in their current form are major harbingers of economic doom for Africa, and that they will only benefit the EU.

They go on to say that "les conséquences tragiques de  ces Ape constituent des menaces réelles sur l'économie  de l'Afrique, de la sous-région, en particulier" To wit: the tragic consequences of these EPAs constitute clear and present threats on Africa's economies, and the sub-region in particular.

from: http://seneplus.com/article/le-m23-rejette-les-ape-75

LE M23 REJETTE LES APE A 75%

ESTIMANT QU'ILS SONT PORTEURS DE PERILS ECONOMIQUES MAJEURS POUR L'AFRIQUE

Cheikhou AIDARA  |   Publication 23/10/2013

Le Comité de Coordination du Mouvement du 23 juin (M23)  n'est pas pour les Accords de partenariat économique  (Ape). «Le  Comité de Coordination du M23 dit  non  à ces Accords dits de Partenariat Economique  (Ape) mais encourage et soutient la volonté des chefs  d'Etat de la Cedeao à concrétiser  le Tarif  extérieur commun (Tec) pour une Union douanière permettant  d'avoir un marché régional intégré et protégé»,  renseigne un communiqué. Ce, à l'issue d'une réunion  extraordinaire du bureau national dudit mouvement, tenue le  lundi dernier, afin de réfléchir davantage  sur les  Ape et prendre position.

A en croire ledit communiqué, «Le  M23 rejette les Ape à 75% et appelle tous les Africains du  Sénégal  et de la Sous- région à se mobiliser, tous  et fermement,  contre  la signature d'accords  plombant  notre économie  et aliénant   notre avenir».
 Après avoir décidé de se liguer avec toutes les forces  progressistes du Sénégal et de l'Afrique de l'Ouest,  le M23 tend sa main à tout Africain pour faire entendre son  refus. Sur ce, il interpelle les chefs d'Etat  et les  invite «à ne pas tomber dans le piège de l'Union  européenne (Ue) et à refuser, en groupe, la signature de  ces Accords ». Parce que, indique-t-il, «Ce faisant, ils  baliseront un chemin meilleur dans le renforcement de  l'Intégration et la protection  de notre  économie».

Selon ledit communiqué, «les Ape, en  l'état, sont  porteurs de périls économiques majeurs pour l'Afrique et  que sa mise en œuvre ne profite  qu'à l'Union  européenne». Pour le M23, «les conséquences tragiques de  ces Ape constituent des menaces réelles sur l'économie  de l'Afrique, de la sous-région, en particulier. Et, sont  une forme de mise  à tutelle de notre économie».


Tuesday, October 22, 2013

West African Civil Society Situation Report - 18 October 2013

from: http://wacsi.org/en/site/newsroom/2193/West-African-Civil-Society-Situation-Report---18-October-2013-Civil-society-West-Africa.htm?pageNum_hd=8ls-art0%3D114&ls-art0=0



The Civil Society Situation Report is a weekly compilation of news on civil society and citizen engagement across West Africa. It serves as a tool to monitor trends and changes in both fields across the region.


Country: Cameroon

Greenpeace Africa opposes stifling of free speech over Herakles Farms Project, Cameroon
26 September 2013
Greenpeace expresses its disagreement with the Cameroonian authorities who have banned local CSO Nature Cameroon from informing residents of the threats posed to their livelihoods and the environment by Herakles Farms palm oil project. The Divisional Officer of Nguti Subdivision issued the order to allegedly preserve "peace, law and order" in the area, despite the fact that the activities of Nature Cameroon have been conducted in an official and peaceful manner. Greenpeace calls on the Cameroonian authorities to "respect the rights of Cameroonian civil society to question and voice opposition over ill-conceived projects such as that of Herakles Farms". Read more here.


Country: Ghana

BasicNeeds to deepen awareness on mental health
16 October 2013
NGO BasicNeeds has launched a platform to create awareness about mental health in Ghana. The aim of the project is to educate families and communities on the need to take mental health issues seriously and maintain healthy lifestyles. People with mental illness often experience stigma and discrimination, suffer violence and abuse, find it harder to get work or education, and are less able to provide for their families and contribute to their communities. BasicNeeds Ghana, Mental Health Society, and Mental Health Foundation of Ghana, have called on government and civil society groups to initiate activities for better healthcare and treatment for the aged and other vulnerable groups.
Read more here.


Time for research-backed policies – Economists from the University of Ghana
8 October 2013
At the stakeholders meeting of the Ministry of Finance, representatives from the University of Ghana Economics Department urged the government to make use of research-based policy, which will help the economy to derive the right results and impacts of policies it implements or abolishes. Senior lecturer Dr. Osei Asibey cited the example of tax policies, which may produce revenue on paper but should be examined for their social impact before adoption. Other representatives at the meeting gave advice on matters such as the fiscal deficit, employment and natural resource management.
Read more here.

Country: Liberia

A welcome initiative: civil society training in conflict resolution and mediation 
Editorial, 13 October 2013
The Angie Brooks International Center (ABIC) and the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) organized a workshop for Liberian civil society actors on the subject of conflict resolution. The trainings specifically addressed peace-building, the protection of civilians in peacekeeping operations and transitional justice. The 37 participants included individuals from civil society organisations, community based organisations, government agencies, as well as students and youth. The Minister of Justice, Christiana Tah, encouraged civil society organisations to get involved in programs that buttress government efforts, especially when sustaining peace in the country.
Read more here.

Country: Nigeria

Civil society transparency groups rank Nigeria among 25 hubs of illicit finances
Mu'Sodiq Adekunle, 11 October 2013
Last week, 150 civil society organisations from 30 countries participated in a conference in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to discuss transparency and tax evasion. Nigeria was identified as one of the 25 countries where 10 multinational companies in the extractive industry have run a syndicate of 6,038 subsidiaries for various illicit offshore profits, transfers involving over $1 trillion. The exact number of incorporated subsidiaries in Nigeria according to the findings of the conference was 37. The conference was organised by Financial Transparency Coalition (FTC) in conjunction with Tanzania's Policy Forum, and participants discussed the detrimental effects of illicit financial flows on the extractive industries, conflict and instability, the illicit wildlife and arms trade, as well as how to make the global economy work for the rich and the poor by increasing financial transparency.
Read more here.

Civil society groups kick against ban on rallies and social gatherings
Wale Odunsi, 9 October 2013
On Tuesday 4 October 2013, Olufemi Adenaike, Kaduna State Commissioner of Police, declared that "henceforth, no individual, groups or associations shall hold meetings, rallies or assemblies without the prior consent of the police Command." Civil society organisations in Kaduna State have condemned the ban, describing the order as illegal, unconstitutional and a violation of the fundamental rights of citizens to freedom of assembly and of speech. Comrade Shehu Sani, president of the Civil Rights Congress, condemned the security agencies, accusing them of using violence in Northern Nigeria as an excuse to "extinguish the flames of freedom". Dr. John Danfulani of the Centre for Development and Rights Advocacy (CEDRA) in Kaduna, criticized them for using "unjustifiable security action" whist failing to stem the violence in Southern Kaduna where over 500 people have been killed since 2011.
Read more here.

- See more at: http://wacsi.org/en/site/newsroom/2193/West-African-Civil-Society-Situation-Report---18-October-2013-Civil-society-West-Africa.htm?pageNum_hd=8ls-art0%3D114&ls-art0=0#sthash.FeSAf83e.dpuf

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Wednesday, October 16, 2013

OECD's Weekly Newsbrief: New Regional Maritime Security Centre in Benin; and ECOWAS Teams up Against Environmental Crime.

NewsBrief, 7-13 October 2013 | > pdf-file


This week’s focus: West African leaders participate in OECD Forum on Africa; observers raise concerns over parliamentary elections in Guinea; a new regional maritime security centre in Benin; and ECOWAS countries team up against environmental crime.


West African leaders speak out at International Economic Forum

Ivoirian Prime Minister Daniel Kablan Duncan said Africa must pursue deeper economic integration to fully benefit from its natural resources endowment. Duncan, who also serves as minister of finance and the economy, spoke at the opening of the 13th OECD International Economic Forum on Africa. The conference was held on 7 October in Paris under the theme “Africa 2.0: Harnessing natural resource wealth for economic transformation”. The Ivorian prime minister attributed the continent’s strong economic growth figures to increasing political and macroeconomic stability and the implementation of profound structural reforms. He said Africa must address employment and develop its human capital to achieve meaningful socio-economic transformation. Duncan was among many high-ranking officials from West Africa who attended the annual event, which brings together hundreds of political, business and civil society leaders to discuss Africa’s economic prospects and major challenges facing the continent. In his remarks, OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurria said Africa’s economic strengths should be celebrated, but stakeholders must not become complacent. “We can pat ourselves on the back for two minutes today, but that is all,” he said. “The great things that Africa has done in the last decade have not yet gone far or deep enough.” Nigerian central bank governor Lamido Sanusi echoed the sentiment. “We have much further to go,” he said “In Nigeria, we are sitting on USD 25 billion of pension money, which we could be investing in meeting our own infrastructure needs, or in building our manufacturing and processing capacity. We grow tomatoes, and yet we import tomato paste.” The Forum was organised by the OECD Development Centre, in partnership with the African Development Bank (AfDB), the UN Development Programme (UNDP), the UN Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), the French government and the European Union.

Article in English: http://www.afdb.org/economic-transformation-12337/
Article in French: http://news.abidjan.net/h/476128.html


Uncertainty in Guinea as international observers fault elections

Political tensions simmered in Guinea as international observers raised concerns over the conduct of critical legislative elections. Voters went to the polls on 28 September to elect members of the National Assembly and complete a two-year transition to democratic rule. Two weeks after the balloting, the electoral commission has yet to release full results. Partial and provisional results from 36 of the 38 districts show the ruling party in the lead. Opposition leaders are sticking to their position that the vote should be annulled, citing widespread fraud including ballot stuffing, intimidation and underage voting. President Alpha Condé has dismissed the allegations and said the opposition should pursue the matter through the nation’s high court. “Every party has its view, but it is their responsibility to send their views to the Supreme Court, which is the only jurisdiction with the authority to decide,” he said in an interview with the AFP. A group of international diplomats and election observers issued a joint statement raising concerns about problems in eight districts. “Breaches and irregularities were observed in a certain number of constituencies, preventing a significant number of votes from being taken into account, and could therefore put into question the sincerity of certain results,” they said. The group includes ECOWAS representatives, UN envoy Said Djinnit, EU officials and the French and American ambassadors.

Article in English: http://www.modernghana.com/observers-opposition-m.html
Article in French: http://www.wadr.org/frA9s-et-manquements.htm


Guinea-Bissau apologises over attack on Nigerian embassy

Nigeria’s foreign affairs minister has assured that an attack on the Nigerian embassy in Guinea-Bissau will not damage diplomatic relations between the two countries. The government in Bissau issued a swift apology after crowds armed with stones and bottles stormed Nigeria’s diplomatic mission on 8 October. Media reports said one person was killed. “Guinea-Bissau is a friendly country,” Nigerian Foreign Affairs Minister Nurudeen Mohammed said. “It was a rude shock to everybody.” The motive for the attack was unclear, with speculation ranging from rumours of Nigerian involvement in child abductions to animosity over Nigeria’s role in the country’s political transition. Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan chairs the ECOWAS Contact Group on Guinea-Bissau, and Nigerian forces make up the bulk of the ECOWAS mission currently deployed in support of security sector reform in Guinea-Bissau. ECOWAS Commission President Kadré Désiré Ouédraogo strongly condemned the violence and called on Bissau to thoroughly investigate the incident and bring those responsible to justice. “It is regrettable that at a time when ECOWAS and its member states, in particular Nigeria, are leaving no stone unturned in the efforts to keep Guinea-Bissau solvent and resolve the multiple crises facing her, misguided hoodlums in the country would turn against Community citizens in such a despicable manner,” he said, adding that the Commission remains committed aiding the return of constitutional order in Guinea-Bissau.

ECOWAS statement in English: http://news.ecowas.int/288&lang=en&annee=2013
ECOWAS statement in French: http://news.ecowas.int/288&lang=fr&annee=2013


Benin to host regional maritime security operation centre

Military authorities from Benin, Niger, Nigeria and Togo have agreed on the modalities for co-operation on maritime security. The four countries make up zone E of the Gulf of Guinea maritime security architecture. Their chiefs of naval staff met from 25-26 September in Cotonou to map out a co-ordinated strategy for combatting piracy and other forms of organised crime in the area. The Chairman of the ECOWAS Committee of Chiefs of Defence Staff, General Soumaila Bakayoko, commended the participants for making “an important and courageous commitment” to countering maritime criminality in West Africa. “After the work of these two days, I note with satisfaction, the strong will of the naval chiefs to boost maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea,” he said. The four countries designated Benin as the location of the new Maritime Multi-national Co-ordination Centre (MMCC), which will serve as the operational hub for zone E. The ECOWAS Commission is tasked with ensuring the provision of material resources for the operationalisation of the Centre.

Article in English: http://news.ecowas.int/286&lang=en&annee=2013


Immigration officials consider ECOWAS biometric ID card

Immigration officials from ECOWAS member states discussed the possibility of introducing a biometric identification card for Community citizens as a means of facilitating their free movement throughout the sub-region. The proposal was the focus of consultations as government officials and immigration experts met in Abidjan in search of strategies to promote integration by removing obstacles to cross-border movement. Speaking at the opening of the meeting, the director of free movement for the ECOWAS Commission, Sanon Nfaly, said the proposal includes provisions to eliminate resident cards and do away with the 90-day limit for intra-Community travel without a visa. “This is a reform that is necessary, even imperative,” Nfaly said. ECOWAS already has taken steps, including the elimination of entry visas and the introduction of an ECOWAS-labelled passport, to make it easier for West Africans to travel or relocate within the region. Yet the application of the free movement protocol continues to face obstacles, including discrimination against non-nationals in the practice of certain professions.

Article in French: http://www.menara.ma/fr/espace-sous-r%C3%A9gional.html


Stakeholders launch network to combat environmental crime

Officials responsible for environmental stewardship launched a new network to share experiences and best practices in preventing and combatting environmental crimes. The West African Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement (WANECE) held its inaugural meeting in Abuja. “When we work together in our sub-region, collaborate with each other, share experiences and exchange timely information, we can effectively police our national and sub-regional borders against clandestine and illegal traffic and dumping of toxic and hazardous wastes, as well as other forms of environmental crimes,” said Ngeri S. Benebo, the head of Nigeria’s National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), which hosted the meeting in collaboration with the ECOWAS Commission. In a statement, the WANECE expressed concern over the environmental impact of the region’s increasing importation of toxic chemicals and second-hand electronics. “The region has few regulations in place to address the importation of hazardous chemicals and unwanted electronic waste; limited capacity to inspect incoming shipments at ports; and little ability to safely manage hazardous chemicals and recycling of electronics at the end of their useful life,” the statement said. One of the main objectives of the new network will be to support ECOWAS countries in developing appropriate polices to respond to these and other environmental threats.

Article in English: http://dailytrust.info/environmental-hazard


Senegalese scientist on Nobel Prize winner’s research team

Senegalese celebrated after it was revealed one of their compatriots is a member of the research team supporting the winner of the 2013 Nobel Prize in medicine. James E. Rothman was awarded the prize, along with two other US-based scientists, for his work in the area of cell physiology. Their research explains how cells transport critical molecules from one place to another. The Senegalese physicist, Abdou Rachid Thiam, has been working with Rothman for the past two and a half years in his laboratory at Yale University School of Medicine in the United States. Thiam’s research focuses on lipid droplets, which supply energy to cells and support the healthy regulation of fat. Thiam is a native of Dakar, where he attended Lamine Guèye high school before pursuing higher education in France. He holds a PhD from Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris. An EU-funded grant allowed Thiam to pursue his research at Yale.

Article in English: http://ec.europa.eu/rea//2013_10_08_news_en.htm
Article in French: http://www.aps.sn/articles.php?id_article=119751


Publications

2013 Ibrahim Index of African Governance

The Mo Ibrahim Foundation has published its index for 2013, showing broad improvement in governance across the continent over the past decade. The annual report ranks 52 countries based on their performance in four categories of governance: safety and rule of law, participation and human rights, sustainable economic opportunity and human development. The 2013 index shows that 94% of Africans live in countries that have shown improvement since 2000. Of the continent’s five geographic regions, West Africa ranks third, but performance varies widely from one country to another. Three countries are among the top ten performers: Cape Verde (3), Ghana (7) and Senegal (10). Cape Verde and Ghana are among the eight countries that have consistently ranked in the top ten since 2000. Two West African countries placed in the bottom ten: Côte d’Ivoire (44) and Guinea-Bissau (46). The Foundation’s independent Prize Committee decided not to award the 2013 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership, for the fourth time in the seven-year history of the prize.

Summary report in English: http://www.moibrahimfoundation.org/IIAG-summary-report.pdf
Summary report in French: http://www.moibrahimfoundation.orgIIAG-synthese.pdf


After a decade of growth in Africa, little change in poverty at the grassroots

A new report from the Afrobarometer reconfirms that the robust economic growth of the past ten years has had minimal impact on poverty, and West African countries have some of the most elevated levels of deprivation. The policy brief presents data from Round 5 of the Afrobarometer, collected from 34 African countries between October 2011 and June 2013. In contrast to GDP growth rates and other traditional metrics, the Afrobarometer examines “lived poverty”, as measured by a series of survey questions that indicate how often people are forced to go without basic necessities. About one in five survey respondents said they experienced frequent deprivation within the past year. Some 17% said they went without adequate food, while 21% said they lacked clean water, and 20% said they lacked medicine or medical care. The Afrobarometer found the highest average levels of lived poverty in Burundi, Guinea, Niger, Senegal and Togo. The report concludes that investment in infrastructure and social services were strongly linked to lower rates of lived poverty, while countries experiencing or emerging from conflict tended to have higher levels of deprivation.

Report in English: http://www.afrobarometer.org/policybriefno1.pdf

Wednesday, October 9, 2013

COMMENT:"...there is Hope of Africa’s Agricultural Integration! (2)"

MODERNGHANA.COM NEWS
From the Continental to the Regional, there is Hope of Africa's Agricultural Integration! (2)
'The Accidental Ecowas & AU Citizen':
By E.K.Bensah Jr

In the early part of the naughties, I was working for a development NGO in Brussels. Many of my days were spent data-mining all things development-oriented, and producing a newsletter everyday with colleagues. Even before I had the opportunity of becoming an NGO delegate at the NGO caucus of the UN Conference on Least Development Countries (LDCs), which was held in May 2001, I had been reading tomes of information about the EU's Common Agricultural Policy. The more I read, the more confused I becameexcept on one thing: the EU was spending a gargantuan amount of money subsidizing its farmers; the Americans were doing same. Conversely, in Africa, there did not seem to be any hope in sight that Africa had a plan around food security.

Of course, history has a different tale to tell us: we now know that in 2003, the Maputo Declaration was formulated and that the African Union (even at its infancy of having transmogrified from an OAU to an AU in 2002) was considering having a continental programme to address food on the continent.

Back in 2001, I spent every Thursday at work putting up a newsletter on regional dynamics, regional trade to our over 500-subscribers. That was a day I looked forward to: presenting to readers who had no idea about our regional economic communities that there was a group like ECOWAS with 15 member countries, and groupings like SADC with 14, etc, that were trying to formulate their own policy plans for a more self-sufficient Africa.

So it was great and insightful reading then that no less than the-then Executive Secretary of ECOWAS Lansuna Kouyate had emphasized that agriculture is paramount for West Africa's development 'as 70% of the sub-region's population resides in the agricultural sector.' I would also read that no less than the UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) had had two other meetings, and had even had a third meeting with ECOWAS that would 'work towards harmonizing legislation and regulations, co-ordinate and integrate institutions dealing with agricultural matters.' One of the major outcomes of this FAO-ECOWAS confab/bilateral would be a meeting that would put on the table a concrete proposal for West Africa to have a Common Agricultural Policy for itself.

Ten years after Maputo, this makes sense, and I hope that come 2015 when ECOWAS celebrates 40 years of its existence, it will make important and significant space to commemorate 10 years of the passing of the policy by the Authority of the Heads of State of ECOWAS of the ECOWAS Agricultural Policy known as ECOWAP.

Understanding ECOWAP
When the Heads of State adopted the ECOWAP back in 2005, the idea was for it to be an instrument for the coordination of the CAADP (referred to in last week's article), which doubles as the agricultural component of the New partnership for Africa's Development(NEPAD) within West Africa. According to ECOWAS, this policy is supposed to have a 'modern and sustainable agriculture, based on the effectiveness and efficiency of family farms and the promotion of agricultural enterprises through the involvement of the private sector.' It continues that 'productive and competitive in the intra-Community and international markets, it must ensure food security and remunerative incomes to its workers'

The implementation of ECOWAS/CAADP is predicated on implementation of investment programs at the national level (NIP), as well as the sub-regional. The Regional Agricultural Investment Programme (RAIP) comprises six components, which include:

*Improvement of water management
*Improved management of others hared natural resources

*The sustainable development of farms
*Development of agricultural value chains and the promotion of the markets

*Prevention and management of food crises and other natural catastrophes

*Institutional strengthening, including support for the improvement of agricultural and rural policy and strategy formulation capacities; as well as communication

If one considers the fact that food and agriculture is a sector critical for intervention in West Africa, and identified by the Treaty establishing the creation of ECOWAS; as well as the fact that the revised treaty (1993) enjoins member states to cooperatein order to ensure food security; increased production and productivity; protection of prices of export commodities on the international market, one can begin to already see the significance of agriculture to the sub-region.

As I intoned last week, this is perhaps an example of a continental programme devolving to the regional and the national almost-simultaneously. We must begin, therefore, to also encourage our communicators and media-men to take interest in these processes.

Way forward on agriculture in Ghana, and Africa

A lot of the time, we complain that ECOWAS and the AU, and such-like institutions are not working. True, much of the time, they do not work because implementation of proposed strategies takes a scandalously-long time to translate into results that can be seen. We may not have seen how over a decade so much has happened around Africa's agriculture, but the narrative is there for all to follow and read. September 2013 will go down the annals of agricultural history in West Africa as significant for the manner in which plans were followed almost to the letter.

The opaqueness around the recruitment of those who will man and head the ECOWAS Food and Agricultural Agency notwithstanding, I believe ECOWAS Community citizens can pat themselves on the back for a job well-done by Africa's policy-makers. Let us break the myth of when we want to hide something from the Black Man, we put it in a book, and get to reading, discussing, and understanding the narrative of Africa's agricultural integration. CAADP is not going to go away until all 54 countries have signed onto it. So far, 30 countries have done so. There are plans for each of the seven other regional economic communities (RECS) establishing food and agricultural agencies for their respective regions. ECOWAS has led the way, but it must also lead the way in ensuring effective policy-implementation.

In the meantime, I hope as World Food Day approaches with increasing celerity on October 16, a conversation will be had in the media on Ghana's food security. The upcoming FAGRA might be an opportunity to broach the topic of CAADP/ECOWAS RFAA, and, finally, Farmer's Day should be used to re-visit the debates of Africa's food security.

Let's keep the agricultural integration narrative from the continental to the regional alive!

www.ekbensahdotnet.org
In 2009, in his capacity as a 'Do More Talk Less Ambassador' of the 42nd Generationan NGO that promotes and discusses Pan-Africanism--Emmanuel gave a series of lectures on the role of ECOWAS and the AU in facilitating a Pan-African identity. Emmanuel owns "Critiquing Regionalism" (http://critiquing-regionalism.org). Established in 2004 as an initiative to respond to the dearth of knowledge on global regional integration initiatives worldwide, this non-profit blog features regional integration initiatives on MERCOSUR/EU/Africa/Asia and many others. You can reach him on ekbensah@ekbensah.net / Mobile: +233-268.687.653.




Source: Emmanuel K. Bensah Jr.
Story from Modern Ghana News:
http://www.modernghana.com/news/495516/1/from-the-continental-to-the-regional-there-is-hope.html

Published: Wednesday, October 09, 2013


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Tuesday, October 1, 2013

COMMENT:"ALL HAIL ECOWAS NEW FOOD & AGRICULTURAL AGENCY!"

from: http://ekbensahdotnet.org/wp/?p=186

#BLOG:"FROM THE CONTINENTAL TO THE REGIONAL, THERE IS HOPE OF AFRICA'S AGRICULTURAL INTEGRATION! (ALL HAIL ECOWAS NEW FOOD & AGRICULTURAL AGENCY!)(1)"


From the Continental to the Regional, there is Hope of Africa's Agricultural Integration!

'The Accidental Ecowas & AU Citizen': From the Continental to the Regional, there is Hope of Africa's Agricultural Integration! (All Hail ECOWAS new Food & Agricultural Agency!)(1)

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By E.K.Bensah Jr
Back in 2012, I wrote a iece entitled 'The AU as a Project in 'Human Endeavour and Continental Cooperation'. The major objective of the piece was to communicate to the wider public the importance of the AU and its CAADP programme.


Another year has passed, and so much has happened. Suffice-to-say, it is important to add that the piece was written in October 2012–the very month that Ghana adhered to a continental compact on agriculture back in October 2009. This is what I wrote: 'It will be three years this October since Ghana joined the AU/NEPAD-sponsored Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program (CAADP), and 2013 will be exactly a decade since CAADP – but one probably would not know it.' I bemoaned the fact that in the run-up towards Farmer's Day in 2012, Ghana should have seized the opportunity to raise the issue of how far the country had gone in delivering on the CAADP, and even use Farmer's Day as an opportunity to explain to the wider public the necessity of Ghana continuing to invest 10% of its budget in agriculture towards the realization of the CAADP programme.

An explanation of the Pan-African/continental compact included the fact that CAADP was endorsed in Maputo in 2003. According to CAADP's website, CAADP's overall-goal is to 'eliminate hunger and reduce poverty through agriculture'. To achieve this, African governments have agreed to increase public investment in agriculture by a minimum of 10 per cent of their national budgets and 'to raise agricultural productivity by at least 6 per cent.' This is to be done through CAADP's strategic functions, regional and economic communities, national roundtables and four key Pillars.

According to the AU's Commissioner of Rural Economy and Agriculture of the AU Commission Rhoda Peace Tumusiime, interviewed in the August/September 2013 edition of 'African Business', so far no less than 30 African countries have signed the CAADP compacts, and '27 of these have strong and credible investment plans that are being used for public and private sector financing.' The Commissioner goes on to explain that countries like Rwanda, Ethiopia, Ghana, Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone have all managed to allocate additional finance to targeted programmes 'that have the highest potential to generate return on these investments.' This is important as CAADP is also about agricultural productivity in a way that feeds into a development-oriented policy that will facilitate more food-secure African countries.

Questioned by the magazine on assurances that she, as the highest policy official, can give on CAADP changing the state of agriculture in Africa, she responds 'it is important to- note how unique the CAADP is as an instrument to guide the continent's efforts on agricultural development. Many people do not appreciate how important it is to have a functional and successful agricultural system in Africa.' She continues that 'the value of CAADP is defined by challenges facing Africa's agriculture. It has made efforts to translate the commitments made by heads of state in 2003 into what will actually help countries to strengthen their systems.'

Some of us would like to speculate that CAADP is a positive and concrete example of a Pan-African idea devolving to the national. That no less than 30 countries have already signed up is encouraging as it signals the importance that African policymakers clearly seem to have about agriculture. But there is a new development in this whole discourse, and it is about how a Pan-African idea/programme has devolved also to the regional.


Enter ECOWAS Food and Agricultural Agencylaunched in September 2013

Even before I had read online that the ECOWAS Commission was planning on establishing a food and agricultural agency, I had read in the Follow-up recommendations from the Fourth Conference of African Ministers on Integration (COMAI) that ECOWAS was the regional economic community that had made considerable headway on its agricultural policy, and that in ECOWAS' communication to the framers of the COMAI report, ECOWAS was going to establish the agency with immediate effect.

This is consistent with what the Netherlands-based think-tank ECDPM wrote in one of the articles about ECOWAS and agriculture. They maintain 'ECOWAS is seen as a region that had made considerable progress in articulating a regional approach for agriculture within the CAADP framework' They continue that 'As far back as 2001, ECOWAS initiated and adopted a framework of guidelines for the creation of a common regional agricultural policy for West Africa (ECOWAP). This conveniently coincided with the period when CAADP gained momentum and global interest.'

By 2005 the ECOWAP was adopted as the reference framework for CAADP implementation at the regional level in West Africa. The ECOWAS CAADP regional compact was launched in 2009, followed by the Regional Investment Plan (RAIP) in 2010. A Regional Agency for Agriculture and Food (RAAF), Regional Fund for Agriculture and Food (ECOWADF) and a Strategic and Operational Plan is currently being set up to implement the ECOWAP and its RAIP.

According to ECDPM, 'The ECOWAS Commission was also quite proactive in supporting its member states along the CAADP process at the national level: it provided technical support and financial assistance of over USD 0.4mn to each member state to organize the national CAADP compact and investment plan formulation process'

We now know that only last week, ECOWAS launched its Food and Agricultural Agency (ARAA) in Lome, Togo, where it will be based. A search online for its French counterpart name of ARAA (Agence Regionale pour l'Agriculture et Alimentation) has, interestingly, yielded more search results than the Anglophone name. Even documents on the operationalisation of the agency and its composition are all still in French. For a flagship organisation whose translators are over-worked, it beggars belief that documents for the launch of a flagship agency like this can only be found in one language.

Why Togo was chosen to host FAA/ARAA
Notwithstanding any clear communication by ECOWAS on why Togo was chosen to host the regional food agency, I can only speculate that given the fact that Togo already hosts the ECOWAS Project Preparation and Development Unittouted by ECOWAS as 'an agency of the organization with the mandate to prepare bankable infrastructure projects to facilitate private and public sector investments', as well as an agency [established in 2005] to identify 'bottlenecks in the implementation of the NEPAD Short Term Action Plan adopted by the Heads of State and Government of the African Union in June 2002' – it made sense that it would be optimal to have an agency that is seeking to implement the continental CAADP at the regional level (through ECOWAS's Common agricultural policy (ECOWAP) ) to be located very closely to the ECOWAS PPDU

Over the next couple of weeks and months, this column will touch more closely on the progress of CAADP (which 10 years of existence will be celebrated in 2014), and an exploration of what the new Food and Agricultural Agency will seek to do for the sub-region.

I personally hope that we can also begin to have a conversation in development circles in this country about why we should use Farmers' Day in Ghana to begin to communicate the importance of agriculture and food security within the specific context of our development plans.

It is all-too-tempting to add that, veritably, from the continental to the regional, there truly might be hope for Africa's agricultural integration!

In 2009, in his capacity as a 'Do More Talk Less Ambassador' of the 42nd Generationan NGO that promotes and discusses Pan-Africanism–Emmanuel gave a series of lectures on the role of ECOWAS and the AU in facilitating a Pan-African identity. Emmanuel owns "Critiquing Regionalism" (http://critiquing-regionalism.org). Established in 2004 as an initiative to respond to the dearth of knowledge on global regional integration initiatives worldwide, this non-profit blog features regional integration initiatives on MERCOSUR/EU/Africa/Asia and many others. You can reach him on ekbensah@ekbensah.net / Mobile:   +233-268.687.653.

Source: Emmanuel K. Bensah Jr.

Story from Modern Ghana News: